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Baikonur Cosmodrome
Baikonur Cosmodrome ((ロシア語:Космодро́м «Байкону́р» Kosmodrom Baykonur); (カザフ語:Байқоңыр ғарыш айлағы Bayqoñır ğarış aylağı)) is the world's first and largest operational space launch facility. It is located in the desert steppe of Kazakhstan, about east of the Aral Sea, north of the Syr Darya river, near Tyuratam railway station, at above sea level. It is leased by the Kazakh Government to Russia (until 2050) and is managed jointly by the Russian Federal Space Agency and the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces. The shape of the area leased is an ellipse, measuring east–west by north–south, with the cosmodrome at the centre. It was originally built by the Soviet Union in the late 1950s as the base of operations for its space program. Under the current Russian space program, Baikonur remains a busy spaceport, with numerous commercial, military and scientific missions being launched annually.〔(【引用サイトリンク】International Launch Services">title=Baikonur Cosmodrome )〕 All manned Russian spaceflights are launched from Baikonur.〔
Both Vostok 1, the first manned spacecraft in human history, and before it, Sputnik 1, the world's first orbital spaceflight of any sort, were launched from one of Baikonur's launch pads, which is now known as Gagarin's Start, named after Yuri Gagarin.
==History==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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